Inferential Meters.

The turbine meter and the orifice meter are commonly used inferential meters for liquid measurement. Technical Data used in the field explained in diploma in petroleum technology. These meters indirectly determine volume by sensing some property of the moving stream that can be related to volume. For example, the rotation of the turbine blades in the turbine meter and the differential pressure developed across the orifice plate in an orifice meter can be used as basis of volume determination.

Turbine meters became important in volume measurement when electronics were accepted as an element of a measuring device. The rotation of the turbine blades can be sensed electronically without need for any mechanical connection to the turbine rotor. This provides a simple arrangement that is inherently reliable and particularly suitable for high-pressure service. Thus, turbine meters initially were applied to measure injection water volumes. However, high-viscosity fluids drastically reduce the range of turbine meters.

Turbine meters are being used for well testing and wetoil lease production measurements when combined with net-oil computers. These meters tend to be more tolerant of short over-range periods and sandy fluid than are positive volume meters. Turbine meters also arc being used for ACT, particularly for high-volume and/or high-pressure service. Some more details of diploma in petroleum technology are as under.

Orifice meters are used more commonly for gas measurement but they have some applications in liquid measurement. Compressible liquids that require pressure correction for volume determination frequently are measured with orifice meters.

The primary device for lease gas volume measurement has been and continues to be the orifice meter, which initially measured gas volume by using a mercury manometer before development of the bellows-type chart recorder. Orifice meters have these advantages: (1) no moving parts in the gas stream, (2) the ability to handle wide range of flow rates (long term) by means of plate size changes, (3) reliable and no external powered recorder, and (4) a reliable sensor (bellows). The chart recorder is not compatible with automatic data acquisition; other types of gas measurement devices are used with SCADA. These gas measurement devices include positive-displacement meters, gas-flow computers, turbine meters, and vortex meters. TSK Training for Skills and Knowledge is the best institute in Rawalpindi Islamabad for Pakistani Students who wants to join diploma in petroleum engineering.

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