Temperature Measurement

Types of temperature-sensing devices commonly used in oil and gas production include filled-thermal, resistance thermal detection, thermocouple, thermistor, and solid-state. Technical Data used in the field explained in diploma in petroleum technology. The filled-thermal device operates on the basis of the principle that a fluid expands or contracts with changes in temperature. The device consists of a temperature-sensitive bulb connected by capillary tubing to an expansible element that is sensitive to pressure change.

The bulb may be filled with a liquid, a liquid and its vapors, or a gas. The expansible element may be a diaphragm, a bellows, or a bourdon tube. The$lled-thermal device has sufficient output force to be used directly for temperature compensation on positive-displacement meters used for LACT. The bellows assembly is connected to an infinitely variable transmission, which corrects the meter’s volume output to a base temperature of 60°F. Some more details of diploma in petroleum technology are as under.

A resistance thermal detector (RTD) works on the principle that a change in resistance of a wine is related directly to a change in temperature of the wire. The device consists of a resistance element (sensing element) and a related electrical circuit, which uses the changing resistance of the element to control an output signal. The output signal can drive recorders and controllers. A thermocouple works on the principle that heat applied to one end of two strips of metal of different composition, which are bonded at either end, develops an electromotive force (EMF) that is proportional to the temperature. Thermocouples may be of the wire type, in which both elements are in wire form, or of the Pyod type, in which one element is a closed tube and the other a wire welded to the inside bottom of the tube.

The thermocouple is connected to an electrical circuit, which senses the generated EMF and develops an output signal that can drive recorders and controllers. Thermocouple devices are used in applications where temperatures may exceed 1,OflO”F. demister and solid-state devices exhibit a resistance change with temperature change. Both these devices respond rapidly to a temperature change because of the small mass of the sensing element. Electrical circuits are required to convert the “sensed” resistance change into an output signal that is proportional to temperature. TSK Training for Skills and Knowledge is the best institute in Rawalpindi Islamabad for Pakistani Students who wants to join diploma in petroleum engineering.

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