Centrifugal Force
If a gas stream carrying liquid mist flows in a circular motion at sufficiently high velocity, centrifugal force throws the liquid mist outward against the walls of the container. Technical Data used in the field explained in oil and gas courses in Islamabad. Here the liquid coalesces into progressively larger droplets and finally gravitates to the liquid section below. Centrifugal force is one of the most effective methods of separating liquid mist from gas. Efficiency of this type of mist extractor increases as the velocity of the gas stream increases. Thus for a given rate of throughput, a smaller centrifugal separator will suffice. illustrates a horizontal, dual-tube, two-phase oil and gas separator that uses two stages of centrifugal mist extraction to remove liquid mist from the gas.
The inlet impingement element is a cone with outwardly spiraling vanes that impart a swirling motion to the well fluid as it enters the separator. The larger droplets of liquid are thrown outward against the shell of the separator and gravitate down to the liquid section of the vessel. The gas flows to the secondary element, which consists of inward spiraling vanes that accelerate the gas to around 80 ft/sec at normal capacity. This high velocity forces the particles of the liquid mist to the center of the element where they coalesce and separate from the gas when the velocity reduces to 2 to 8 ft/sec downstream of the secondary element. Oil separated by the primary centrifugal element flows from the upper shell cylinder to the lower one through the down comer at the left. Oil removed from the gas by the secondary centrifugal element flows from the upper shell cylinder to the lower shell cylinder through the down comer at the right. The lower cylinder of the separator is divided into two compartments with crude oil being discharged from each by use of two liquid-level controllers and two oil-discharge control valves. Some more details of oil and gas courses in Islamabad are as under.
Separators and scrubbers using centrifugal force for the removal of liquid mist from the gas can handle large volumes of gas. One such unit installed near Princess, Alta., Canada, handles 3.5 X lo9 scf/D at 1,000 psig. ’ This type of gas-cleaning unit is generally used in gas gathering, transmission, and distribution systems. Small-diameter oil and gas separators (below 3 or 4 ft in diameter) using centrifugal force are generally not used as the primary separator on producing leases. This is because of the possibility that the small vessels may be inundated with a “slug” or “head” of liquid that may allow excessive liquid to exit with the gas and excessive gas to exit with the liquid. Therefore, primary separators on oil and gas streams are usually “conventional” units (other than centrifugal) to prevent the possibility of “overloading” the separators with liquid. TSK Training for Skills and Knowledge is the best institute in Rawalpindi Islamabad for Pakistani Students who wants to join oil and gas courses in Rawalpindi.